Perubahan Fisika dan Perubahan Kimia

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> </div> <div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkEtq6Uay7_o3PuBiVctebyDJOhDjQY-eQUal0lMel0ygNR1DGPUzyxbM05im1X7XyiXInb0bzXTMy1cUGexvP1iMXv4TN_az6Mk5nAi743kgR5FrDpEhDxAvG9rpexIFWYinFXmx-8QFO/s1600/blog3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkEtq6Uay7_o3PuBiVctebyDJOhDjQY-eQUal0lMel0ygNR1DGPUzyxbM05im1X7XyiXInb0bzXTMy1cUGexvP1iMXv4TN_az6Mk5nAi743kgR5FrDpEhDxAvG9rpexIFWYinFXmx-8QFO/s1600/blog3.jpg" /></a></div> <span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 21px;"><b><br /></b></span></span></div> <ol style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px 0px 15px 32px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <li style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b>Perubahan Fisika</b></span></li> </ol> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Perubahan fisika adalah perubahan pada zat yang tidak menghasilkan zat jenis baru.</div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Contohnya : </div> <blockquote class="tr_bq" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px;">i. beras yang ditumbuk menjadi tepung.</span></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px;">ii. Terjadinya Hujan</span></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px;">iii. Lilin Meleleh</span></span></blockquote> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">          Beras yang ditumbuk menjadi tepung, hanya menunjukkan bentuk dan ukuran yang berubah, tetapi sifat molekul zat pada beras dan tepung tetap sama.</div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">      Peristiwa perubahan wujud zat, antara lain : menguap, mengembun, mencair, membeku, menyublim, mengkristal merupakan perubahan fisika.</div> <div class="wp-caption alignleft" data-shortcode="caption" id="attachment_63" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; display: inline; float: left; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; margin: 4px 15px 0px 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 292px;"> <a href="https://regnoe.files.wordpress.com/2013/03/perubahan-materi.png" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #ff3333; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="skema perubahan materi" class="size-medium wp-image-63" height="300" src="https://regnoe.files.wordpress.com/2013/03/perubahan-materi.png?w=282&h=300" style="background: transparent; border-radius: 20px; border: none; height: auto; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="282" /></a><br /> <div class="wp-caption-text" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #888888; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-top: 5px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;"> skema perubahan materi</div> </div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Terdapat beberapa ciri- ciri pada perubahan fisika, yaitu:</div> <ol style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px 0px 15px 32px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">tidak terbentuk zat jenis baru,</li> <li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">zat yang berubah dapat kembali ke bentuk semula,</li> <li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">hanya diikuti perubahan sifat fisika saja.</li> </ol> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">           Perubahan fisika yang lainnya adalah perubahan bentuk, perubahan ukuran, dan perubahan warna. Pada perubahan ini, memungkinkan kita mendapatkan kembali materi semula, namun tidak semuanya dalam bentuk yang utuh. Misalnya, gelas yang pecah. Pada gelas tersebut terjadi perubahan fisika meskipun wujudnya bukan gelas lagi. Hanya wujud fisiknya saja yang berubah,dan tidak terjadi perubahan sifat, gelas yang pecah masih memiliki sifat dasarnya (gelas kaca memiliki sifat seperti kaca begitu pula dengan gelas kaca yang pecah).</div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <b><span style="font-size: large;">2. Perubahan Kimia</span></b></div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Perubahan kimia adalah perubahan materi yang menghasilkan zat jenis baru. Misalnya pada saat membakar kertas. Setelah kertas tersebut habis terbakar akan terdapat abu yang diperoleh akibat proses pembakaran. Kertas sebelum dibakar memiliki sifat yang berbeda dengan kertas sesudah dibakar.</div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Perubahan kimia disebut juga reaksi kimia. Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, banyak reaksi kimia yang terjadi secara alamiah atau yang dibuat manusia.</div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Terdapat beberapa ciri-ciri perubahan kimia suatu zat, yaitu:</div> <ol style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px 0px 15px 32px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">terbentuk zat jenis baru,</li> <li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">zat yang berubah tidak dapat kembali ke bentuk semula,</li> <li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">diikuti oleh perubahan sifat kimia melalui reaksi kimia.</li> </ol> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Selama terjadi perubahan kimia, massa zat sebelum reaksi sama dengan massa zat sesudah reaksi.</div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Seperti halnya perubahan fisika, perubahan kimia juga dapat kita amati di alam dan lingkungan sekitar kita. Berdasarkan faktor penyebabnya perubahan kimia dapat dibedakan menjadi lima kelompok, yaitu :</div> <ol style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px 0px 15px 32px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Proses pembakaran, contohnya kayu yang dibakar, bom meledak dan lilin yang dibakar.</li> <li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Proses peragian, contohnya perubahan susu menjadi keju, singkong menjadi tape dan kedelai menjadi tempe.</li> <li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Proses kerusakan, contohnya pelapukan kayu, pembusukan sampah dan perkaratan besi.</li> <li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Proses biologis mahluk hidup, contohnya proses fotosintesis, proses pencernaan makanan dan proses pernafasan.</li> <li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Proses pertumbuhan dan  perkembangan mahluk hidup, contohnya tumbuhnya seorang bayi menjadi dewasa.</li> </ol> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Ciri-ciri yang mengindikasikan adanya perubahan kimia adalah adanya perubahan warna, perubahan bau, pembentukan gas, timbulnya cahaya, pembentukan endapan baru,  dan perubahan pH.</div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Dari pemaparan diatas, dapat kita ketahui bahwa perubahan sumbu lilin menjadi arang termasuk ke dalam perubahan kimia karena terbentuk zat baru dan peubahannya di ikuti perubahan sifat-sifat kimia dari zatt tersebut. Sedangkan perubahan yang terjadi pada batang lilin yang mencair merupakkan perubahan fisika yang notabene tidak terbentuk zat baru.</div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Perubahan materi ini dapat diketahui dari perbedaan keadaan awal dan keadaan akhir materi setelah mengalami perubahan. Keadaan yang dimaksud meliputi sifat-sifat maupun strukturnya. Materi dapat dikenali berdasarkan sifat-sifat fisika maupun sifat-sifat kimianya. Yang termasuk sifat-sifat fisika antara lain wujud, warna, titik leleh, titik didih, dan kelarutan. Sifat-sifat kimia materi didasarkan pada kemampuannya dalam melakukan perubahan atau reaksi kimia.</div>

Perubahan Fisika dan Perubahan Kimia

Perubahan Fisika Perubahan fisika adalah perubahan pada zat yang tidak menghasilkan zat jenis baru. Contohnya :  i. beras yang...

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Sifat-Sifat Materi

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> </div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5MNyJfRz6gzu8MyJxAL6yf4VXlJjDEao_AwFfXa-PuSDxeUTbqKjkACN1LMQEKYna-12IBmA-ykXJ2BpMRQ4Ubo41_JSe0ngcZ-OHr_n8k2Xj6uuTLAdtnNUu1ahhFF5ruo-cwCAIAZML/s1600/blog2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5MNyJfRz6gzu8MyJxAL6yf4VXlJjDEao_AwFfXa-PuSDxeUTbqKjkACN1LMQEKYna-12IBmA-ykXJ2BpMRQ4Ubo41_JSe0ngcZ-OHr_n8k2Xj6uuTLAdtnNUu1ahhFF5ruo-cwCAIAZML/s1600/blog2.jpg" /></a></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <br /></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1HlUB9OSIJUKTVHRbhJ4uRkRwzZE4EsA6W3uIaz-Sb46C0pc8lZqLlNkPMrUVyBw7dKQ0jQY9ywNsgyDFUuD6RJptab2GavFxFgGYWLfJCZX55USgLjtnI7SzvkYR1-8gXrnWdMZqUjPP/s1600/Sifat+Materi+baru.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1HlUB9OSIJUKTVHRbhJ4uRkRwzZE4EsA6W3uIaz-Sb46C0pc8lZqLlNkPMrUVyBw7dKQ0jQY9ywNsgyDFUuD6RJptab2GavFxFgGYWLfJCZX55USgLjtnI7SzvkYR1-8gXrnWdMZqUjPP/s1600/Sifat+Materi+baru.png" /></a></div> <b style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /> </span></b> <b style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /> </span></b> <b style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></span></b><br /> <b style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">A. Sifat-sifat ekstensif</span></b><br /> <span style="border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Sifat ekstensif adalah sifat yang bergantung pada jumlah atau ukuran zat. Sifat ekstensif terdiri atas berat dan volume. </span><br /> <b style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /> </span></b><br /> <b style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">1. Berat</span></b><br /> <span style="border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Semakin banyak suatu zat maka akan semakin besar pula beratnya. Sebagai contoh sepeda motor akan lebih berat daripada sepeda karena sepeda motor tersusun oleh lebih banyak zat dibandingkan dengan sepeda.</span><br /> <span style="border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /></span><b style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">2. Volume</span></b><br /> <span style="border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Semakin besar jumlah zatnya, semakin banyak volume yang ditempatinya, kecuali untuk gas. Apabila kalian menimbang beras dan gula pasir dengan berat yang sama, apakah jumlah keduanya sama? Tentu tidak bukan? Jumlah gula pasir akan lebih banyak daripada beras, ini menunjukan volume gula pasir lebih besar daripada volume beras.</span><br /> <span style="border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /></span> <br /> <h4 style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 19.6px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">B. Sifat-sifat Intensif</span></h4> <span style="border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Pengertian sifat intensif adalah sifat yang tidak bergantung pada jumlah atau ukuran zat tersebut. Sifat intensif ini dapat dibagi menjadi dua. Sifat kima dan sifat fisika sudah saya jelaskan pada postingan yang lalu,  bisa baca di artikel yang berjudul <a href="http://ki-tapunya.blogspot.com/2015/07/sifat-fisika-dan-sifat-kimia.html" style="border: 0px; color: #444444; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank">sifat fisika dan sifat kimia.</a></span><br /> <br /> <br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /> <b style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">1. Sifat kimia</span></b><br /> <span style="border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Sifat kimia ini terdiri dari :</span><br /> <br /> <ul style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin: 0.5em 0px 0.5em 1.5em; padding: 0px; position: relative; transition: all 0.3s ease-out; vertical-align: baseline;"> <li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: square; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; display: block; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0.5em 0px 0.5em 2em; padding: 0px; position: relative; transition: all 0.3s ease-out; vertical-align: baseline;">Kestabilan</span></li> <li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: square; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; display: block; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0.5em 0px 0.5em 2em; padding: 0px; position: relative; transition: all 0.3s ease-out; vertical-align: baseline;">Kereaktifan</span></li> <li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: square; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; display: block; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0.5em 0px 0.5em 2em; padding: 0px; position: relative; transition: all 0.3s ease-out; vertical-align: baseline;">Gaya Ionisasi</span></li> <li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: square; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; display: block; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0.5em 0px 0.5em 2em; padding: 0px; position: relative; transition: all 0.3s ease-out; vertical-align: baseline;">Keterbakaran</span></li> </ul> <div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <b style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">2. Sifat fisika</span></b></div> <div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Sifat fisika terdiri dari :</span></div> <div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <ul style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #222222; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 22.4px; list-style: none; margin: 0.5em 0px 0.5em 1.5em; padding: 0px; position: relative; transition: all 0.3s ease-out; vertical-align: baseline;"> <li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: square; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; display: block; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0.5em 0px 0.5em 2em; padding: 0px; position: relative; transition: all 0.3s ease-out; vertical-align: baseline;">Berat jenis</span></li> <li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: square; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; display: block; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0.5em 0px 0.5em 2em; padding: 0px; position: relative; transition: all 0.3s ease-out; vertical-align: baseline;">Kerapatan</span></li> <li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: square; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; display: block; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0.5em 0px 0.5em 2em; padding: 0px; position: relative; transition: all 0.3s ease-out; vertical-align: baseline;">Kekerasan</span></li> <li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: square; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; display: block; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0.5em 0px 0.5em 2em; padding: 0px; position: relative; transition: all 0.3s ease-out; vertical-align: baseline;">Kelarutan</span></li> <li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: square; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; display: block; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0.5em 0px 0.5em 2em; padding: 0px; position: relative; transition: all 0.3s ease-out; vertical-align: baseline;">Daya hantar listrik</span></li> <li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: square; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; display: block; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0.5em 0px 0.5em 2em; padding: 0px; position: relative; transition: all 0.3s ease-out; vertical-align: baseline;">Kemagnetan</span></li> <li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: square; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; display: block; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0.5em 0px 0.5em 2em; padding: 0px; position: relative; transition: all 0.3s ease-out; vertical-align: baseline;">Wujud zat</span></li> <li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: square; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; display: block; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0.5em 0px 0.5em 2em; padding: 0px; position: relative; transition: all 0.3s ease-out; vertical-align: baseline;">Titik didih</span></li> <li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: square; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; display: block; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0.5em 0px 0.5em 2em; padding: 0px; position: relative; transition: all 0.3s ease-out; vertical-align: baseline;">Titik leleh</span></li> <li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: square; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; display: block; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0.5em 0px 0.5em 2em; padding: 0px; position: relative; transition: all 0.3s ease-out; vertical-align: baseline;">Titik beku</span></li> <li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: square; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; display: block; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0.5em 0px 0.5em 2em; padding: 0px; position: relative; transition: all 0.3s ease-out; vertical-align: baseline;">Warna</span></li> <li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: square; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; display: block; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0.5em 0px 0.5em 2em; padding: 0px; position: relative; transition: all 0.3s ease-out; vertical-align: baseline;">Bau </span></li> <li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: square; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; display: block; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0.5em 0px 0.5em 2em; padding: 0px; position: relative; transition: all 0.3s ease-out; vertical-align: baseline;">Rasa</span></li> </ul> </div>

Sifat-Sifat Materi

A. Sifat-sifat ekstensif Sifat ekstensif adalah sifat yang bergantung pada jumlah atau ukuran zat. Sifat ekstensif terdiri ata...

Baca selengkapnya »

Unsur, Senyawa dan Campuran

<div align="center" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhulOJtpI5dxww8wnjh47JLPmtSGozWi-yQuqEHfWTYuX6HQE6q7YRYUs_yeX0sQtvIDbEo6oXtvpaiBqCJ-mRbXL2QOEiubpYPcks-LIodYa4zHUrXO-KVQNbXcTQ36kYnbUyWy3SKlTCq/s1600/blog1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhulOJtpI5dxww8wnjh47JLPmtSGozWi-yQuqEHfWTYuX6HQE6q7YRYUs_yeX0sQtvIDbEo6oXtvpaiBqCJ-mRbXL2QOEiubpYPcks-LIodYa4zHUrXO-KVQNbXcTQ36kYnbUyWy3SKlTCq/s1600/blog1.jpg" /></a></div> <span style="font-size: 14px;"><br /></span> <span style="font-size: 14px;">Zat tunggal dapat berupa unsur dan senyawa, sedangankan campuran ada yang bersifat homogen, ada pula yang heterogen. Dengan demikian, klasifikasi materi adalah seperti pada gambar 1 dibawah ini:</span></div> <div align="center" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;"> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjSc3O6jliOzc2EjdmxKPejPq7OzAQXuITk8O19mvT7iebZ9SmJR2rk88C1Ucy8UV_cBAL6uZ6fA-O15eUnIpi95awOSRoQvUgdYuAukTkhLKmdLVc77aRys90U3O6vJbVHVOfE2lqDMhd/s1600/unsur%252C+senyawa+dan+campuran.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjSc3O6jliOzc2EjdmxKPejPq7OzAQXuITk8O19mvT7iebZ9SmJR2rk88C1Ucy8UV_cBAL6uZ6fA-O15eUnIpi95awOSRoQvUgdYuAukTkhLKmdLVc77aRys90U3O6vJbVHVOfE2lqDMhd/s1600/unsur%252C+senyawa+dan+campuran.png" /></a></div> <b style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></b> <b style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">I.  Unsur</b></div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">             Unsur adalah zat tunggal yang tidak dapat diuraikan. Perluh dipahami bahwa menguraikan tidaklah sama dengan memotong-motong atau menghaluskan. Penguraian menghasilkan dua jenis atau lebih zat baru yang berbeda dari zat semula, sedangkan memotong-motong atau menghaluskan hanya mengubah bentuk, tetapi tidak mengubah jenis zatnya.</div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Untuk meringkaskan dan memudahkan penulisan,maka setiap unsur diberi suatu lambang yang kita sebut lambang unsur atau lambang atom.</div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Contoh:</div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Karbon   (C)</div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Kalsium (Ca)</div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Perhatikan beberapa contoh pada tabel 1 berikut ini.</div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">        Tabel 1. beberapa contoh unsur</div> <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: black; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px -1px 25px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 559px;"><tbody style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <tr style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td style="background: transparent; border-top-color: rgb(229, 229, 229); border-top-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 15px; vertical-align: baseline;" valign="top" width="182"><div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Nama unsur(Indonesia)</div> </td><td style="background: transparent; border-top-color: rgb(229, 229, 229); border-top-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 15px; vertical-align: baseline;" valign="top" width="194"><div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Nama lain</div> </td><td style="background: transparent; border-top-color: rgb(229, 229, 229); border-top-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 15px; vertical-align: baseline;" valign="top" width="114"><div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Lambang</div> </td></tr> <tr style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td style="background: transparent; border-top-color: rgb(229, 229, 229); border-top-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 15px; vertical-align: baseline;" valign="top" width="182"><div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Karbon</div> <div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Kalsium</div> <div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Klorin</div> <div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Tembaga</div> <div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Kalsium</div> <div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Perak</div> </td><td style="background: transparent; border-top-color: rgb(229, 229, 229); border-top-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 15px; vertical-align: baseline;" valign="top" width="194"><div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Carbonium</div> <div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Calsium</div> <div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Clorin</div> <div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Cuprum</div> <div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Calsium</div> <div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Argentum</div> </td><td style="background: transparent; border-top-color: rgb(229, 229, 229); border-top-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 15px; vertical-align: baseline;" valign="top" width="114"><div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> C</div> <div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Ca</div> <div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Cl</div> <div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Cu<br /> K</div> <div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Ag</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> II.<b style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">  SENYAWA</b></div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Senyawa adalah zat tunggal yang dapat diuraikan menjadi dua jenis atau lebih sederhana. Penguraian senyawa dapat terjadi karena pemanasan atau aliran listrik.</div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Contoh senyawa:<b style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> </b>Air, gula, garam, dan asam cuka.<b style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></b></div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <b style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">a.      </b><b style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Molekul</b></div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Bagian terkecil dari senyawa adalah molekul. Molekul senyawa terbentuk dari perikatan dua jenis atau lebih atom unsur.<b style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></b></div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <b style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">b.      </b><b style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Rumus Kimia</b></div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Senyawa juga diberi lambang, lambang senyawa ini disebut rumus kimia.<b style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> </b>Rumus kimia dari beberapa senyawa diberi pada tabel  berikut:</div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">  Tabel 3. Rumus kimia dari beberapa senyawa</div> <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: black; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px -1px 25px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 559px;"><tbody style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <tr style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td style="background: transparent; border-top-color: rgb(229, 229, 229); border-top-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 15px; vertical-align: baseline;" valign="top" width="215"><div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Nama zat</div> </td><td style="background: transparent; border-top-color: rgb(229, 229, 229); border-top-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 15px; vertical-align: baseline;" valign="top" width="233"><div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Rumus kmia</div> </td></tr> <tr style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td style="background: transparent; border-top-color: rgb(229, 229, 229); border-top-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 15px; vertical-align: baseline;" valign="top" width="215"><div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Air</div> <div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Amoniak</div> <div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Asam cuka</div> <div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Sukrosa(gula)</div> </td><td style="background: transparent; border-top-color: rgb(229, 229, 229); border-top-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 15px; vertical-align: baseline;" valign="top" width="233"><div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> H<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; font-size: 10px; height: 0px; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; top: 0.5ex; vertical-align: baseline;">2</span>O</div> <div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> NH<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; font-size: 10px; height: 0px; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; top: 0.5ex; vertical-align: baseline;">3</span></div> <div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> CH<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; font-size: 10px; height: 0px; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; top: 0.5ex; vertical-align: baseline;">3</span>COOH</div> <div align="center" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> C<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; font-size: 10px; height: 0px; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; top: 0.5ex; vertical-align: baseline;">12</span>H<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; font-size: 10px; height: 0px; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; top: 0.5ex; vertical-align: baseline;">22</span>O<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; font-size: 10px; height: 0px; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; top: 0.5ex; vertical-align: baseline;">11</span></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> III.<b style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">  Campuran</b></div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Campuran  adalah materi yang terdiri dari dua jenis zat atau lebih. Sifat campuran merupakan rata-rata dari sifat komponen-komponennya. Sifat manis dari gula tidak hilang ketika dicampur dengan air. Demikian juga dengan sifat asin dari garam. Jika ke dalam air dilarutkan gula dan garam, maka larutan akan mempunyai rasa manis sekaligus asin.</div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Dibawah ini adalah tabel perbedaan senyawa dan campuran</div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <b style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></b></div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <b style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="https://matumona.files.wordpress.com/2012/02/tabel-unsur-senyawa-dan-campuran.jpg" style="background: transparent; border-bottom-style: none; border-color: initial; border-width: 0px; color: #3c96df; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="" class="aligncenter wp-image-129" height="343" src="https://matumona.files.wordpress.com/2012/02/tabel-unsur-senyawa-dan-campuran.jpg?w=429&h=343" style="background: transparent; border-radius: 20px; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" title="Tabel unsur, senyawa dan campuran" width="429" /></a></b></div> <div style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <br /></div> <div> <br /></div>

Unsur, Senyawa dan Campuran

Zat tunggal dapat berupa unsur dan senyawa, sedangankan campuran ada yang bersifat homogen, ada pula yang heterogen. Dengan demikian, kl...

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